refine

英 [rɪˈfaɪn]

美 [rɪˈfaɪn]

v.  精炼; 提纯; 去除杂质; 改进; 改善; 使精练

现在分词：refining　过去分词：refined　过去式：refined　第三人称单数：refines　

CET4CET6考研TOEFLIELTSTEM4TEM8

Collins.1 / BNC.7830 / COCA.6600

牛津词典

verb

• 精炼；提纯；去除杂质
  to make a substance pure by taking other substances out of it
  1. the process of refining oil/sugar
     炼油的 / 炼糖的工序
• 改进；改善；使精练
  to improve sth by making small changes to it

柯林斯词典

• VERB 提炼;精炼
  When a substanceis refined, it is made pure by having all other substances removed from it.
  1. Oil is refined to remove naturally occurring impurities.
     油经过提炼去除天然存在的杂质。
• VERB 改进，改善，改良（过程、理论或机器）
  If something such as a process, theory, or machineis refined, it is improved by having small changes made to it.
  1. Surgical techniques are constantly being refined.
     外科手术的技术不断得到完善。

英英释义

verb

• make more complex, intricate, or richer
  1. refine a design or pattern
  Synonym:complicaterarifyelaborate
• make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of
  1. refine a method of analysis
  2. refine the constant in the equation
• attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or validity by polishing or purifying
  1. many valuable nutrients are refined out of the foods in our modern diet
• improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
  1. refine one's style of writing
  Synonym:polishfine-tunedown
• reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state
  1. refine sugar
  Synonym:rectify
• treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition
  1. refine paper stock
  2. refine pig iron
  3. refine oil

双语例句

• We can now invest in further work to refine, and ultimately to expand, genetic treatment approaches.
  我们现在可以投资进一步细化这项工作，最终开发出遗传治疗方法。
• Obtain and refine market and customer demand, responsible for product requirement management and product defining tasks.
  获取和提炼市场和用户需求，负责产品的需求管理和产品定义工作；
• Managers should refine this evaluation iteratively, as they plan, assess, and manage their portfolio management approach.
  管理人员应当迭代地精化这个评估，作为一个计划，评估并管理他们的组合管理方法。
• Refer to the discussion of the Elaboration phase above for information on the Refine Requirements and Design Components activities.
  参见上面对精化阶段有关提炼需求和设计组件活动的讨论。
• The friction stir technology can refine grain and enhance rigidity of metals.
  利用摩擦搅拌技术还能细化金属材料的晶粒和增强硬度。
• MDSD consists of a set of transformations that progressively refine knowledge, requirements, and design of complex systems.
  MDSD包含一系列转型，逐渐的细化知识、需求和复杂系统的设计。
• They refine sugar using this way.
  他们用这种方法精制糖。
• Design patterns usually refine the design model to capture frequently used or complex structures and processes.
  设计模式通常对设计模型进行提炼，从而获取经常使用的，或复杂的结构和过程。
• Surgical techniques are constantly being refined.
  外科手术的技术不断得到完善。
• Research, Apply, and Refine
  研究、应用和完善